Measures for reducing MMR and IMR

MR and IMR
Survey data on Maternal Mortality
Ratio (MMR) is available from the Report
of Registrar General of India Sample
Registration System (RGI-SRS) at three
year intervals and is not provided every
year. The latest available data on MMR is
for the period 2007-09. During this
period, the MMR of India was 212 per
100,000 live births.
As per the same source, data for
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in India is
available for the years 2009, 2010, and
2011. The latest IMR for the country as
per SRS 2011 is 44 per 1000 live births.
The IMR for year 2009 was 50 and for
year 2010, it was 47.
As per the latest MMEIG (Maternal
Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group-
WHO,UNICEF,UNFPA, World Bank) report
titled “Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990
to 2010” India is ranked 126 out of 180
countries when countries are arranged in
ascending order of MMR.
As per theReport published by
UNICEF, India (2012) titled “Committing
to Child Survival; A Promise Renewed”
India ranks 45 out of 195 countries in the
world in descending order of Infant
Mortality Rate.
Under the National Rural Health
Mission, the key steps being taken by the
Government of India to reduce MMR &
IMR in the country are:
· Promotion of institutional
deliveries through
JananiSurakshaYojana (JSY).
· Capacity building of health
care providers in basic and
comprehensive obstetric care,
Integrated Management of Neo-
natal and Childhood Illness
(IMINCI) and
NavjaatShishuSurakshtaKaryakaram
(NSSK) etc.
· Operationalisation of sub-
centers, Primary Health Centers,
Community Health Centers and
District Hospitals for providing
24x7 basic and comprehensive
obstetric care & child care services.
· Strengthening of Facility based
newborn care by setting up
Newborn care corners (NBCC) in all
health facilities where deliveries
take place to provide essential
newborn care at birth; and Special
New Born Care Units (SNCUs) at
District Hospitals and New Born
Stabilization Units (NBSUs) at First
Referral Units for the care of sick
newborn.
· Name Based web enabled
tracking of pregnant women &
children has been introduced to
ensure antenatal, intranatal and
postnatal care to pregnant women
and care to newborns, infants and
children.
· Mother and Child Protection
Card in collaboration with the
Ministry of Women and Child
Development to monitor service
delivery for mothers and children.
· Iron and Folic Acid
supplementation to pregnant &
lactating women and children for
prevention and treatment of
anaemia.
· Weekly Iron and Folic Acid
supplementation to adolescent
girls.
· Engagement of 8.71 lakhs
Accredited Social Health Activists
(ASHAs) to generate demand and
facilitate accessing of health care
services by the community.
· Home Based Newborn Care
(HBNC) through ASHA has been
initiated to improve new born care
practices at the community level
and for early detection and referral
of sick new born babies.
· Village Health and Nutrition
Days in rural areas as an outreach
activity, for provision of maternal
and child health services.
·
JananiShishuSurakshaKaryakaram
(JSSK) has been launched on 1 st
June, 2011, to eliminate any out of
pocket expense for pregnant
women delivering in public health
institutions and sick newborns
accessing public health institutions
for treatment till 30 days after
birth.
· Management of Malnutrition
particularly Severe Acute
Malnutrition (SAM) by establishing
Nutritional Rehabilitation Centres
(NRCs). As breastfeeding reduces
infant mortality, exclusive
breastfeeding for first six months
and appropriate infant and young
child feeding practices are being
promoted in convergence with
Ministry of Woman and Child
Development.
· Universal Immunization
Program (UIP) against seven
diseases for all children.
Government of India supports the
vaccine program by supply of
vaccines and syringes, cold chain
equipments and provision of
operational costs.
This information was given by
Minister for Health & Family Welfare Shri
Ghulam Nabi Azad in written reply to a
question in the Rajya Sabha today.